屠宰污水處理設(shè)備是采用玻璃鋼、碳鋼、不銹鋼防腐結(jié)構(gòu)，具有耐腐蝕、抗老化等優(yōu)良特性，使用壽命長(zhǎng)達(dá)30 年以上;放置于地表以下，設(shè)備上面的地表可作為綠化或其他用地，不需要建房及采暖、保溫。zui大限度的實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的集成，減少占地面積;無(wú)污染，無(wú)噪聲，無(wú)異味，減少二次污染;不受屠宰污水量的限制，機(jī)動(dòng)靈活，可單個(gè)使用，也可多個(gè)聯(lián)合使用;針對(duì)性強(qiáng)，可有效去除屠宰污水中的有機(jī)物以及氨氮;整個(gè)屠宰污水處理設(shè)備處理系統(tǒng)配有PLC全自動(dòng)電氣控制系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備故障報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，運(yùn)行安全可靠，平時(shí)一般不需要專人管理，只需適時(shí)地對(duì)設(shè)備進(jìn)行維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)，管理費(fèi)用小。

屠宰污水來(lái)源福州一體化屠宰場(chǎng)污水處理設(shè)備

福州一體化屠宰場(chǎng)污水處理設(shè)備

屠宰污水主要來(lái)自于圈欄沖洗、淋洗、屠宰及其它廠房地坪沖洗、燙毛、剖解、副食加工、洗油等工序所產(chǎn)生的污水。

水質(zhì)特點(diǎn)

①屠宰污水一般呈紅褐色，有難聞的腥臭味,其中含有大量的血污、油脂質(zhì)、毛、肉屑、骨屑、內(nèi)臟雜物、未消化的食物、糞便等污物，固體懸浮物含量高。

②屠宰污水有機(jī)物含量高，可生化性好其中高濃度有機(jī)質(zhì)不易降解，處理難度較大，宰污水中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物主要是氮、磷，其中氮主要以有機(jī)物或銨鹽形式存在，而磷主要以磷酸鹽的形式存在。

設(shè)計(jì)思路

根據(jù)屠宰污水特點(diǎn)和處理難點(diǎn)大體設(shè)計(jì)思路是:

(1)一級(jí)處理:排放的廢水先后流經(jīng)粗細(xì)兩道格柵，主要去除較大懸浮物和漂浮物，防止污水提升泵等機(jī)械設(shè)備堵塞。然后流入隔油沉淀池，廢水中含有泥沙等，這些可通過(guò)自然沉淀去除，沉淀的泥沙定期用污泥泵打入污泥濃縮罐。油脂則漂浮在水面，可以人工撈出回收處理。由于其廢水水質(zhì)水量波動(dòng)較大，以確保后續(xù)處理效果和運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性，在處理工藝流程中設(shè)置調(diào)節(jié)池，以均化水質(zhì)水量。保證系統(tǒng)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。還可以通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)池均化其本身的酸、堿度，以使廢水的pH值滿足后續(xù)處理工藝的要求。廢水中含有的血污、油脂、油塊等，通過(guò)混凝氣浮得到有效的去除。

(2)二級(jí)處理:對(duì)于屠宰廢水中難降解、濃度較高的CODCr、BOD5，預(yù)處理過(guò)程中不能*去除，故二級(jí)處理采用生化處理，本設(shè)計(jì)采用水解酸化-好氧生物處理技術(shù)。水解酸化池主要目的將大分子有機(jī)物分解成小分子有機(jī)物，以便在好氧過(guò)程中進(jìn)一步得到去除。

(3)三級(jí)處理:好氧處理后的出水，溢流到沉淀池中，沉淀后上清水進(jìn)入消毒池，沉淀池中的污泥定期用泥漿泵打入污泥濃縮罐中。

工藝流程

來(lái)自屠宰場(chǎng)的污水經(jīng)格柵(網(wǎng))去除污水中的毛、皮、浮渣和大顆粒懸浮物后自流入隔油池，屠宰污水處理流程去除大部分油脂和泥砂后進(jìn)入調(diào)節(jié)池，經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)池調(diào)節(jié)水質(zhì)水量后，并保證后續(xù)處理設(shè)施的正常運(yùn)行。經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)池的水經(jīng)泵提升至平流式氣浮沉淀一體機(jī)。先期去除水中懸浮物(ss)，去除率達(dá)90%以上，出水進(jìn)入一體化污水處理設(shè)備，一體化污水處理設(shè)備由(水解酸化池、二級(jí)接觸氧化池、沉淀池組成)，污水在水解酸化池進(jìn)行酸化處理，通過(guò)厭氧菌將大分子有機(jī)物轉(zhuǎn)化成低分子有機(jī)物;經(jīng)水解酸化池流入接觸氧化池進(jìn)行生化反應(yīng)后再進(jìn)入沉淀池，出水經(jīng)過(guò)濾消毒達(dá)標(biāo)排放

應(yīng)用分析

考慮屠宰污水水質(zhì)特點(diǎn)，對(duì)比各種處理方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，得出目前屠宰污水有效的處理技術(shù)為:以生物法為主，輔助必要的物理、化學(xué)等方法作預(yù)處理。例如以采用生物處理法為主體的二級(jí)SBR法工藝路線處理效果較好。在北方地區(qū)，尤其是經(jīng)濟(jì)不發(fā)達(dá)的北方地區(qū)，考慮到氣溫低，占地要求小，運(yùn)行費(fèi)用要求低等因素，深井曝氣法為*方法。

厭氧生物處理成本低，但不能較好地去除氨氮，故對(duì)于出水水質(zhì)要求較高的情況下，通常經(jīng)過(guò)厭氧處理后，還需進(jìn)行好氧處理或采用化學(xué)法去除氨氮才能達(dá)到水質(zhì)排放要求。好氧法不僅可以獲得很高的CODcr去除率，而且還可以去除氮、磷，但成本很高，所以對(duì)于高濃度屠宰污水，通常首先經(jīng)厭氧生物法處理，然后使用好氧法處理，綜合使用厭氧和好氧生物法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可以獲得高CODcr去除率，同時(shí)去除氮、磷，還降低成本。

采用生物法處理屠宰污水可考慮回收利用問(wèn)題。活性污泥經(jīng)過(guò)一定處理后，可作為動(dòng)物飼料用[24]，還可回收屠宰污水中的蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪，產(chǎn)品可用作動(dòng)物飼料，還可以生產(chǎn)沼氣和無(wú)害肥。達(dá)到開(kāi)發(fā)能源，變廢為寶，又促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展的目的，是一項(xiàng)具有生態(tài)平衡良性循環(huán)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展工程。屠宰污水的治理經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)于城市和養(yǎng)殖業(yè)糞便污染的治理有著較好的參考價(jià)值。

設(shè)備原理

由于屠宰污水中含有一定量的大塊漂浮物(血污、毛皮、雜物 染物等)，因此先用格柵予以攔截下來(lái)，以保證后續(xù)設(shè)備的正常運(yùn)行，因?yàn)橥涝孜鬯泻醒?、油脂等大分子有機(jī)物存在，直接進(jìn)入好氧將很難降解，因此格柵出水進(jìn)入化糞池。屠宰場(chǎng)現(xiàn)有化糞池能夠起到一定的處理效果，但現(xiàn)有出水濃度依然很高并且?jiàn)A帶部分油脂，為了減輕后續(xù)處理設(shè)施的負(fù)荷，因此考慮在前端加一座隔油池以去除油脂。屠宰場(chǎng)因?yàn)楣ぷ鲿r(shí)間的因素，它的排水周期跟其它污水排放周期不同，它主要集中在夜間排放，因此必須設(shè)置一個(gè)較大的調(diào)節(jié)池來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)水質(zhì)水量以保證整套設(shè)施的正常運(yùn)行，減輕對(duì)后續(xù)設(shè)施帶來(lái)的沖擊負(fù)荷，污水經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)池收集然后通過(guò)泵泵入后續(xù)處理設(shè)施。污水經(jīng)過(guò)前端化糞池處理后，污水中依然含有大部分大分子有機(jī)污染物，因此需要進(jìn)一步對(duì)其降解為小分子物質(zhì)，為后續(xù)好氧生化做準(zhǔn)備，并且考慮到污水中氨氮和總磷的超標(biāo)，因此必須設(shè)施好氧-缺氧的交替運(yùn)行環(huán)境來(lái)達(dá)到硝化-反硝化的交替運(yùn)行來(lái)達(dá)到脫氮除磷的效果，此處通過(guò)設(shè)置水解酸化池將后續(xù)好氧處理出水部分回流至水解酸化池來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。污水經(jīng)過(guò)水解酸化池后進(jìn)入好氧池，此處將好氧池分為兩段，它的好處在于在不同的好氧段，微生物根據(jù)環(huán)境不同而呈現(xiàn)空間的分布，具備針對(duì)性，有著更好的去除效果。污水經(jīng)過(guò)前端各個(gè)生化處理設(shè)施處理后，有機(jī)污染負(fù)荷很大程度得到降解。但污水中色度依然難以達(dá)標(biāo)，為了對(duì)色度的去除，并同時(shí)考慮對(duì)COD的降低和氨氮及總磷的降低，因此此處設(shè)置混凝沉淀池并且投加針對(duì)性的藥劑。沉淀池出水，進(jìn)入消毒池，然后zui終達(dá)標(biāo)排放。

適用范圍

適用于中小型宰雞、宰豬、宰鴨以及宰牛、宰羊等各種屠宰肉聯(lián)企業(yè)，肉制品加工場(chǎng)。

工藝優(yōu)點(diǎn)

1、采用的生物接觸氧化處理工藝，比活性污泥池體積小，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)，耐沖擊負(fù)荷性能好，出水水質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，不會(huì)產(chǎn)生污泥膨脹;

2、填料比表面積大，微生物易掛膜，脫膜，在同樣有機(jī)物負(fù)荷條件下，對(duì)有機(jī)物去除率高，穩(wěn)定可靠，同時(shí)無(wú)需投加藥劑，節(jié)約后續(xù)成本，降低運(yùn)行費(fèi)用;

3、水解酸化可有效污水血色，分解大分子有機(jī)物，減少后續(xù)處理負(fù)荷;

4、沉淀效果理想，可獲得較好的出水水質(zhì);

5、消毒處理，去除率達(dá)到99.4%以上;

6、妥善處理剩余污泥，保證系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定可靠運(yùn)行，排泥方便，減少人工操作

7、采用*的構(gòu)造方式，zui大限度減少臭氣擴(kuò)散;

8、運(yùn)行管理簡(jiǎn)單，可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行運(yùn)行狀態(tài)調(diào)整，以獲得運(yùn)行效果;

9、凈化效率高，BOD去除率在85%~90%，出水各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)達(dá)到國(guó)家二級(jí)或一級(jí)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，

10、能夠處理屠宰行業(yè)污水及其相類似的工業(yè)有機(jī)污水;

The treatment equipment for slaughtering wastewater is glass reinforced plastic, carbon steel, stainless steel, corrosion resistant, anti-aging, etc., which can be used for more than 30 years. Placed below the surface of the earth, the surface of the equipment can be used as green or other land. Maximising the integration of the system, reducing the area of space; No pollution, no noise, no smell, reduce secondary pollution; It is not limited by the amount of sewage to be slaughtered. It is flexible and flexible. It can be used individually or in combination. It can effectively remove organic matter and ammonia nitrogen from slaughtering wastewater. The slaughter wastewater treatment equipment processing system is equipped with PLC automatic electric control system and equipment fault alarm system, safe and reliable running, normally do not need of personnel management, just in time to the equipment maintenance and maintenance, management cost is small. 
Sewage source 
The slaughtering wastewater mainly comes from washing, washing, slaughtering and other plant floor rinsing, ironing, cuting, cutting, processing and washing of oil. 
The water quality characteristics 
1) slaughter wastewater generally is reddish brown, has the unpleasant stench, which contains a lot of blood, fat mass, wool, meat scraps, skeletal, visceral sundry, undigested food, fecal sewage, such as high content of suspended solids. 
Slaughter organic matter is high concentrated wastewater (2), can be good biochemical with high concentration of organic matter is not easy to degrade, processing is difficult, the nutrients in slaughter wastewater is mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, which mainly exists in the form of organic matter or ammonium salt of nitrogen, and phosphorus mainly exists in the form of phosphate. 
Design ideas 
According to the characteristics of the slaughterhouse and the difficulties of treatment, the general design idea is: 
(1) first order treatment: the effluent effluent flows through thick and thin grille, mainly removing the larger suspension and floatation, and preventing the blockage of mechanical equipment such as sewage pumping. Then flow into the grease trap, the waste water contains silt, etc. These can be removed by natural precipitation, and the sediment of sediment can be pumped into the sludge concentrator regularly. Oil floats on the surface of the water and can be retrieved and disposed of. Due to the high fluctuation of water quality of wastewater, it is needed to ensure the effect and operation stability of the subsequent treatment, and to set up the adjustment pool in the process flow to homogenize the water quality. Ensure the smooth operation of the system. The acid and alkalinity of the water can also be used to make the pH value of wastewater meet the requirements of the subsequent treatment process. Wastewater contains blood, grease, oil, etc., which can be effectively removed by coagulation. 
(2) the secondary processing: to refractory in slaughter wastewater and high concentration of CODCr, BOD5, cannot compley remove pretreatment process, so the secondary treatment using biochemical treatment, the design adopts hydrolysis acidification - aerobic biological treatment technology. The main purpose of the hydrolysis acidification pool is to decompose large molecular organic matter into small molecule organic materials, which can be further removed during the aerobic process. 
(3) three-level treatment: after the aerobic treatment, the water is poured into the sedimentation tank. After the precipitation, the sludge is deposited into the disinfectant pool. The sludge in the sedimentation tank regularly pumps into the sludge tank with mud pump. 
The process flow 
From slaughterhouse wastewater by grid (mesh), remove the wool and leather in the sewage, scum and larger particles suspended since into the separation tank, after slaughter wastewater treatment processes to remove most of the oil sand and mud into the regulation pool, after after regulating pool water, and ensure the normal operation of the subsequent treatment facilities. The water through the regulating pool is pumped up to the flat flow type air floating precipitator. Early removal of suspended solids (ss) in water, the removal rate of more than 90%, the water into the integrated wastewater treatment equipment, the integration of sewage treatment equipment by hydrolysis (acidification, secondary contact oxidation pool, pool of sedimentation tank), sewage in acidizing hydrolysis acidification pool, macromolecular organic matter into low molecular organic compounds by anaerobic bacteria; After the hydrolyzed acidification pond was released into the contact oxidation pond for biochemical reaction, then it entered the sedimentation tank and the water was filtered and disinfected to meet the standard discharge 
Application analysis 
Consider slaughter wastewater quality characteristics, comparative advantages and disadvantages of various processing methods, it is concluded that the slaughter of the most economic and effective sewage treatment technology for: give priority to with biological methods, auxiliary necessary preprocessing methods such as physics, chemistry. For example, the secondary SBR process with biological treatment is better. In the northern region, especially in the economically underdeveloped northern region, the method of deep well aeration is the preferred method, considering the low temperature, small land cover and low operating expenses. 
Anaerobic biological treatment of low cost, but can not be better to remove ammonia nitrogen, so the higher requirements for water quality, usually after anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment or chemical method is used to remove ammonia nitrogen emissions to reach the water quality requirements. Aerobic method can not only get high CODcr removal rate, but also can remove nitrogen and phosphorus, but the cost is very high, so for the high concentration of slaughter wastewater, usually by the anaerobic biological treatment, first and then use the method of aerobic treatment, integrated the advantages of using anaerobic anaerobic-aerobic biological method, can obtain high CODcr removal rate, removal of nitrogen and phosphorus at the same time, also reduce the cost. 
The use of biological method to treat slaughtering wastewater can be considered for recycling. Activated sludge after a certain processing, can be used as animal feed [24], protein and fat in slaughter wastewater is recycled, the product can be used as animal feed, can also produce methane and harmless fertilizer. It is a sustainable development project with ecological balance and virtuous cycle to reach the goal of developing energy, turning waste into treasure and promoting the development of agricultural aquaculture industry. The management experience of slaughtering wastewater has good reference value for the treatment of fecal pollution of city and breeding industry. 
Principle of equipment 
Due to slaughter wastewater containing a certain amount of large pieces of debris (blood, fur, dye stuff, etc.), so use first grille shall be stopped and to ensure the normal operation of the follow-up device, because the slaughter wastewater containing bloodstains, grease and other macromolecular organic matter, directly into the aerobic will be difficult to degradation, so the grille of the water into the septic tank. Slaughterhouse existing septic tanks can play a certain treatment effect, but the existing water concentration is still high and the entrainment of oil, in order to reduce the load of the subsequent treatment facilities, so consider on the front end and a separation tank to remove grease. Slaughterhouse because of their working time, it's different with other sewage drainage cycle period, its emissions are mainly concentrated in the night, so you must set up the regulation of a larger pool to adjust water in order to ensure the normal operation of the whole set of facilities, reduce the impact of load on a subsequent facilities, sewage collection by adjusting pool and then through the pump into the subsequent treatment facilities. Sewage after dealing with the front-end septic tanks, sewage still contains most of the macromolecular organic pollutants, so need to be further to the degradation of small molecules, in preparation for the subsequent aerobic biochemical, and considering the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in sewage, must therefore be facilities aerobic - alternating anoxic running environment to achieve nitrification - denitrification, alternating operation to achieve the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus, here by setting the hydrolysis acidification pool parts of subsequent aerobic treatment water back into the hydrolysis acidification pool. Sewage after hydrolysis acidification pool into the aerobic pond, aerobic pool can be divided into two segments here, its advantage in different aerobic section, microbes were present spatial distribution according to different environment, have specific aim, has a better removal effect. After treatment by various biochemical treatment facilities on the front end, the organic pollution load is degraded to a great extent. But still cannot satisfy in sewage chroma, in order to remove the chroma, and at the same time considering the reduce of COD and ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, so this set of coagulation sedimentation tank and adding targeted agents. The sedimentation tank comes out of the water, enters the disinfection pool, and finally ends up discharging. 
Scope of application 
It can be used for slaughtering chicken, slaughtering duck, slaughtering duck, slaughtering sheep, slaughtering sheep, slaughtering and slaughtering meat. 
Technological advantages 
1. The biological contact oxidation process adopted is smaller than the volume of activated sludge tank, good adaptability, good impact load performance, stable water quality and no sludge expansion; 
2 large specific surface area, stuffing, microbial easy hanging membrane, membrane, under the same load condition, the organic matter of high removal rate of organic matter, stable and reliable, without adding the potions, saving the cost of subsequent, reduce the operation cost; 
3. Hydrolysis acidification can effectively sewerage blood color, decompose macromolecules and reduce the subsequent load; 
The precipitation effect ideal, can obtain the better water quality; 
5. Disinfection treatment, the removal rate reached more than 99.4 percent; 
6. Properly handle the remaining sludge, ensure the stable and reliable operation of the system, facilitate the discharge of mud, and reduce manual operation 
7. Adopt unique construction methods to minimize the spread of odor. 
8. The operation management is simple and can be adjusted according to the actual conditions to get the operation effect; 
9. High purification efficiency, BOD removal rate is 85% ~ 90%, and the effluent indicators reach the national level ii or grade 1 emission standard, 
10. Capable of handling sewage and similar industrial organic sewage in slaughtering industries;